This offers a variable ratio effect for valve actuation. The roller finger is used to actuate the intake valve. The intermediate levers and roller fingers are matched by classification to ensure uniform valve lift. Refer to the Repair Instructions for tolerance numbers! A spring is located on each intermediate lever to maintain constant contact with the camshaft.
The roller finger is cushioned by the HVA and will open the intake valve 5. The Valvetronic system varies the valve opening lift between 0.
The VANOS unit is designed as an integral component of the chain drive and is secured to the respective camshaft with a central bolt. The VANOS unit for the cylinders exhaust shaft has mounting provisions for the vacuum pump drive. The oil ports are located on the left and right of the thrust bearing. There are two sensors per cylinder head to monitor the intake and exhaust camshaft positions.
The sensors monitor the impulse wheels attached to the ends of the camshafts. Valvetronic Position Sensor 2. Intake Camshaft Position Sensor 3. There are two solenoids per cylinder head to control the oil flow to the camshaft ports for the intake and exhaust VANOS units. The solenoid valve is sealed to the front cover by a radial seal and secured by a retaining plate.
The timing chain connects the crankshaft with the housing of the unit. There is a recess in the hub in which the locking pin 6 engages without oil pressure sprung. The internal blades 9 are spring loaded 10 to provide a seal between the oil pressure chambers 11 and The torsion spring 3 acts against the camshaft torque.
The blades are keyed into the hub which results in the hub position being rotated in relation to the housing with sprocket. The hub is secured to the camshaft which changes the camshaft to sprocket relationship timing.
The example below shows the adjustment procedure together with the pressure progression based on the VANOS unit for the exhaust camshafts.
Engine Oil Pump 6. Supplied Oil Pressure From Engine Oil Pump During this adjustment chamber B is open through the solenoid to allow the oil to drain back through the cylinder head internal reservoir.
This forces the blades and hub in a clockwise direction back to the initial position, again changing the camshaft timing. The example below shows the reset procedure together with the pressure progression based on the VANOS unit for the exhaust camshafts. Hydraulic Actuation - Chamber B 1. Oil Return Switched through Solenoid 7.
Supplied Oil Pressure From Engine Oil Pump During this adjustment chamber A is open through the solenoid to allow the oil to drain back through the cylinder head internal reservoir. The valve lift adjustment has also been incorporated. The special feature of Valvetronic is that the air mass drawn in the cylinders can be easily determined by the valve lift and closing time. With valve lift control, the opening duration and cross section of the valve opening can also be easily selected within a defined range.
With the throttle valve open while the car is being driven, additional vacuum is needed. The N62 vacuum pump has a second vacuum connection small hose for the exhaust flap adjustment. The pump is lubricated through an oil gallery from the cylinder head. The oil pump is driven by a separate roller chain.
Chain Drive 1. Use of the new toothed chains 1 optimizes the drive chain rolling process and reduces noise. One roller chain gear wheel for the oil pump drive. Two toothed chain gear wheels for the camshaft drives. Note: The sprocket will also be fitted to a cylinder engine variant which will be available in the future. There is a guide ball in the chain tensioner tip that moves in an arched groove in the tensioning rail.
The tensioner seal must be replaced each time the tensioner is disassembled. The tensioners are the same for both the left and the right cylinder heads. Chain Tensioner 2. Tensioning Rail 3. There is a ball check valve in the bearing pin. The valve opens at an oil pressure of 1 bar and allows engine oil to flow to the tensioning rail via a port 1. There is a valve in the oil jet which opens at a pressure of 1 bar and supplies the drive chain with engine oil.
Cylinder Head Bank 2. Coolant Supply heater core 3. Water valve with electric water pump 4. Cylinder Head Gasket 5. Coolant Supply Line 6. Cylinder Head Ventilation Lines 7. Hole crankcase venting system 8. Transmission oil lines 9. Thermostat for transmission oil heat exchanger Alternator Housing 38 N62 Engine The cylinder heads are supplied with coolant in a cross-flow pattern.
This ensures more even temperature distribution to all cylinders. The cooling system ventilation has been improved and is enhanced by using ventilation ports in the cylinder heads and in the radiator. The air in the cooling system accumulates in the expansion tank. When a pressure of 2 bar is reached in the expansion tank, the air is bled out by the pressure relief valve in the reservoir cap.
The complex cooling system and the small ventilation ports require that time should be allowed after the cooling system has been filled for the air to escape. Coolant flow in the Engine Block The coolant flows from the water pump through the feed pipe 1 in the engine's V and to the rear of the engine block. This area has a cast aluminum cover see following illustration. From the rear of the engine, the coolant flows to the external cylinder walls and from there into the cylinder heads.
The coolant then flows from the cylinder heads into the engine block V and through the return connection 3 to the thermostat housing. When the coolant is cold it flows from the thermostat closed directly into the water pump and back to the engine recirculating for faster warm up.
Coolant from the water pump through the feed pipe to the rear of the engine. Coolant from the cylinder walls to the thermostat housing. The cast aluminum cover at the rear of the engine block with sealing bead is shown on the lower right.
Map-controlled themostat radiator cool return flow. Electrical connection for Thermostat Heating element. The coolant which escapes through the pump shaft sliding ring seal usually accumulates and evaporates through a hold in the leakage chamber evaporation area. If the sliding ring seal is faulty, the leakage chamber fills completely with coolant.
Sliding ring seal leakages can be detected by monitoring the fluid level in the leakage chamber inspection hole. The leakage restraint system has the advantage in that the coolant escaping from the sliding ring seal normal, functional leakage evaporates without a trace and cannot be mistakenly identified as a water pump defect during visual inspections. Timing Chain Cover Lower Section The waterpump mounts to the lower section to channel coolant to the engine block. The electrical connections, the design and the map-controlled thermostat response have been enhanced.
The mapcontrolled thermostat function is the same as previous engines M All connections have been fitted with the quick-release coupling which are used in current models. Cooling Radiator 2. Expansion Tank 3. Water Pump 4. The coolant first flows into the high-temperature section and then back to the engine, cooled.
Some of the coolant flows through an opening in the radiator partition wall to the low-temperature section where it is cooled further. Coolant Expansion Tank The expansion tank is mounted on the right hand wheel housing engine compartment. Note: The expansion tank should never be filled above the Max marking. Excess coolant is expelled by the pressure relief valve in the cap as it heats up.
This allows the transmission oil to heat up as quickly as possible with the engine coolant. Electrically Operated Fan The electric fan is integrated in the cooling module and is mounted directly in front of the radiator. The speed is regulated by the ECM.
Viscous Coupling Fan The viscous coupling fan is driven by the water pump. The noise output and the performance of the fan coupling and the fan wheel have been optimized as compared with the E38M The upper section of the oil sump is made from cast aluminum and is sealed to the crankcase with a rubber-coated sheet steel gasket. This section of the oil sump has a cross shaped cut out oil filter element recess.
The upper section of the oil sump is inter connected to the oil pump and is sealed with a sealing ring. The double panel noise insulation lower section of the oil sump is flanged to the upper section of the oil sump. The cylinder walls are hardened using a specific procedure exposure honing.
This removes the aluminum from the cylinder surface and the hard silicone particles remain. The crankshaft has five main bearings familiar 4 bolt cast iron caps and is hollowed around bearing journals 2, 3, and 4 for weight reduction.
The crankshaft stroke for the B44 is Crankshaft Sprocket Hollowed Area Weight Reduction Crankshaft Crankshaft Thrust Bearing The thrust bearing halves are multiple pieces that are assembled as one part for the the number five main bearing at the rear of the engine. The bearing thickness conforms to the familiar triple classification system yellow - green - white.
The pistons are made from high-temperature aluminum alloy equipped with three piston rings. The pistons are cooled by oil jets spraying under the exhaust side of the piston crown.
This category includes the Always read and follow the instructions that come with the system. Page 60 This Online Edition for Part No. Incorrect or unsupervised It is to remind you at appropriate places of the settings Online Edition for Part No. These positions can be looked up in the index under the respective keyword. It is not necessary to depress the brake Online Edition for Part No. Page 65 With the ignition off, the indicator lamp goes out after a brief period.
Page 66 Page 67 Check Control. Please note any supple- mentary information that appears in the Control Display. Page 68 Online Edition for Part No. To select transmission ranges D, R or N, always start by pulling toward the steering wheel, arrow 1, then press up or down.
Page 70 All forward gears are available. Under normal operating conditions, fuel consumption is lowest when driving in position D. Page 72 Online Edition for Part No. If the brakes are not applied, the vehicle could start to roll if parked on a steep slope. Page Wiper System If you do so, your vision could be obscured. To avoid freezing, use a Online Edition for Part No. Avoid activating the washer when the Page Washer Fluid We recommend that you mix the washer fluid before adding it to the reservoir.
Always keep it well away from sparks Page 76 Briefly press button 4: The vehicle accelerates to and maintains the last speed stored. Press 1 or pull 2 the lever beyond the detent: the selectable speed level is dis- played with 5. Page 78 Things to know about active cruise control section in this manual beginning on page Lights up Page 79 Online Edition for Part No.
Also observe the additional information provided in the Computer, refer to page Page Service Interval Display Control Display screen contents You can view additional information on ser- vice and maintenance procedures by selecting the "Car data" menu. The first part of the date entry is activated — here month. Page Check Control 20 seconds. Page Computer 8 seconds, refer to page The stored status reports appear again in the display. Page 90 Periods with the vehicle parked and the engine off are not included in the calcula- tions of average speed.
Page 91 Press the controller to confirm your entry. The stopwatch Page Changing Settings Select the menu entry that you wish to adjust.
Press repeatedly to view a listing of your selection options. Page 94 You can set the brightness of the screen. Select and confirm. Select "Brightness" and confirm your selection. Press and turn the controller to make the adjustment. Please note the supplementary information provided in the Control Display. Warning lamp on Canadian models. Page Dynamic Drive The suspension will be noticeably softer and the vehicle will display a greater ten- Online Edition for Part No.
The initial- ization menu appears. The Flat Tire Monitor starts an automatic 'learning' process as the car is driven, and memorizes these ref- erence pressures. Page Online Edition for Part No. Page Instrument Lighting With the ignition off, press the lever in the desired direction 3, past the pressure point. Page Class 1 light-emitting diodes. Do not remove the covers, and never stare into the unfiltered light several hours, as irritation of the iris could result. Page The following section contains more detailed information on the available set- ting options.
Page Select the second page of the "Cli- mate" menu. For additional information on rear ventila- tion options, refer to page Page The parked-car ventilation is only available for activation within the sub- sequent 24 hours. After this the time will have to be reconfirmed. Page Sun Blinds Press the programmed memory key 1 on the integrated universal remote con- trol three times. Page Glove Compartment Storage compartments A storage compartment is located in the armrest between the front seats.
Page Beverage Holders If you do so, they could endanger occupants during braking or evasive maneuvers. When the vehicle is parked you can rest cups, etc. Page Center Armrest 6. Consult your BMW center for more infor- mation. Use on winter tires is only permissible in pairs on the rear wheels. Follow the manufac- turer's instructions when installing snow chains.
Do not initialize the Flat Tire Monitor after mounting snow chains. When you are driving with snow chains, it can be beneficial to activate DTC briefly, refer to page Page of Mobility Reference At a glance Controls Driving tips Communications Navigation Entertainment Replacing components Onboard tool kit The onboard toolkit is located in the luggage compartment lid. Loosen the wingnut to open. The adapter for the spare key can be stored beneath the open-ended wrenches. Windshield wiper blades To replace the blades, start by folding the wip- ers out and away from the windshield, refer to page Lamps and bulbs Lamps and lights contribute significantly to road safety.
Therefore, comply fully with the fol- lowing instructions during bulb replacement. BMW recommends that you entrust corre- sponding procedures to your BMW center if you are unfamiliar with them or they are not described here. Never touch the glass of new bulbs with your bare fingers, as even minute amounts of contamination will burn into the bulb's surface and reduce its service life.
Use a clean cloth, napkin, etc. You can obtain a selection of replacement bulbs at your BMW center. When working on the lighting system, you should always switch off the lights affected to prevent short circuits. To avoid possible injury or equipment damage when replacing bulbs, follow any instructions provided by the bulb manufacturer. When maintaining the headlamps, please follow the instructions in the separate Caring for your vehicle brochure.
Light-emitting diodes LEDs Light-emitting diodes installed behind translu- cent lenses serve as the light source for many of the controls and displays in your vehicle.
These light-emitting diodes, which operate using a concept similar to that applied in conventional lasers, are officially designated as Class 1 light- emitting diodes. Do not remove the covers, and never stare into the unfiltered light for several hours, as irritation of the retina could result. In the unlikely event that one of these lamps should fail, you can respond by switching on your fog lamps and proceeding carefully, where allowed by law.
Only have work on the xenon lighting sys- tem including bulb changes carried out by a BMW center or a repair shop that works in accordance with BMW guidelines and uses appropriately trained personnel. Due to the high voltage involved, there is a danger to life and limb when work is carried out improperly. For checking and adjusting headlamp aim, please contact your BMW center.
Turn signals, front The illustration shows the left side of the engine compartment. Remove the trim panel from the luggage com- partment lid. Backup lamp Backup lamp: Bulb 16 watts, W 16 W 1. Pull the bulb holder out. Extract the bulb for replacement. Changing wheels Safety precautions to observe in the event of a flat and during all tire changes: Park the vehicle as far as possible from passing traffic.
Park on a firm, flat, surface. Switch on the hazard warning flashers. Engage the parking brake and shift the trans- mission selector lever into P. Have all vehicle occupants get out of the vehicle and ensure that they remain outside the imme- diate area in a safe place, such as behind a guardrail.
If a warning triangle or portable hazard warning lamp is required, set it up on the roadside at an appropriate distance from the rear of the vehi- cle. Comply with all safety guidelines and regu- lations. Change the wheel only on a level, firm surface which is not slippery. The vehicle or the jack could slip to the side if you attempt to raise the vehicle on a soft or slippery surface such as snow, ice, tile, etc. Position the jack on a firm support surface.
Do not use a wooden block or similar object as a support base for the jack, as this would prevent it from extending to its full support height and reduce its load-carrying capacity. To avoid serious or fatal injury, never lie under the vehicle and never start the engine while it is supported by the jack. What you will need To avoid rattling noises, note the positions of the tools before removing them, then return them to their initial positions after completing work.
Unscrew the wingnut and remove the wheel chock. Page of Vehicle jack Located in the luggage compartment behind the right-hand side panel. Grasp the handle in the upper panel and fold it down. Loosen the wingnut and remove the jack.
After use, screw the jack all the way back down and snap the handle back into place. Spare tire 1. Loosen the wing nut 1. Remove the washer 2 from the side. Completely unscrew the threaded rod 3. Remove the spare tire. Preparing for a wheel change 1. Read carefully and comply with the safety precautions on page Secure the vehicle to prevent it from rolling: Place the wheel chock against the rear sur- face of the front tire on the side opposite the side being raised.
If the vehicle is parked on a downward slope, place the wheel chock securely in front of the tire. On a steep grade, also secure the vehicle against roll- ing. Loosen the lug bolts a half turn. Lifting vehicle 1.
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